This high bioavailability makes intravenous therapy particularly useful when rapid or high-dose treatment is required. Each type of intravenous therapy has its specific indications, protocols, and potential complications, all of which are carefully considered by healthcare professionals when deciding on the best course of treatment for a patient. As we dive deeper into this topic, it’s crucial to remember that while intravenous therapy is a powerful tool, it requires careful planning, execution, and monitoring to ensure patient safety and efficacy of treatment. You may need IV therapy if you cannot take oral medications or medications are not available in an oral form. In addition, some medicine is more effective and works faster if it is delivered directly to your bloodstream through a vein. An IV also allows for the medicine to be delivered at a controlled pace instead of all at once.
Potential Hurdles
Ringer’s lactate or Ringer’s acetate (ASERING, patented brandname of Otsuka Indonesia) is another isotonic solution often used for large-volume fluid replacement. A solution of 5% dextrose in water, sometimes called D5W, is often used instead if the patient is at risk for having low blood sugar or high sodium. The choice of fluids may also depend on the chemical properties of the medications being given.
Side effects
A peripheral intravenous (PIV) line is inserted in peripheral veins, such as the veins in the arms, hands, legs and feet. The iron preparation used is chosen to specifically match the patient’s individual needs. Each treatment differs in the duration of its administration, the approved dosage, and the concentration of iron. Phlebitis is irritation of a vein that is not caused by infection, but from the mere presence of a foreign body (the IV catheter) or the fluids or medication being given. A rapid infuser can be used if the patient requires a high flow rate and the IV access device is of a large enough diameter to accommodate it.
The possibility of lipid emulsions as an alternative drug delivery medium is under works. Taking a step back, we’ve journeyed through the remarkable world of intravenous therapy, unearthing its history, understanding its mechanism, and examining its broad applications. From emergency rooms to wellness clinics, intravenous therapy undeniably holds a crucial role in healthcare. Given these potential risks, it is critical that a qualified healthcare provider conducts a comprehensive assessment before initiating therapy. Continuous monitoring during the therapy is also essential to ensure patient safety and to adjust the treatment as needed. A healthcare professional may check to make sure the needle stays inserted, and the flow of liquid from the IV bag is correct.
Medical use
If bacteria do not remain in one area but spread through the bloodstream, the infection is called sepsis and can be rapid and life-threatening. An infected central IV poses a higher risk of sepsis, as it can deliver bacteria directly into the central circulation. The intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver medications and fluid replacement throughout the body, because they are introduced directly into the circulation. Intravenous therapy may be used for fluid volume replacement, to correct electrolyte imbalances, to deliver medications, and for blood transfusions.
- An IV line can be threaded through a peripheral vein to end near the heart, which is termed a “peripherally inserted central catheter” or PICC line.
- Whatever the setting, IV therapy is administered by nurses or other trained medical professionals.
- You may need multiple IV therapy treatments depending on your medical condition and other health factors.
- An intravenous drip is the continuous infusion of fluids, with or without medications, through an IV access device.
Intravenous drug use
A needle will be inserted into the port or a suitable vein, usually in the arm. Whatever the setting, IV therapy is administered by nurses or other trained medical professionals. The procedure requires careful monitoring, so if the process is going to take more than a few minutes, there is usually some sort of control mechanism attached to the line to ensure proper delivery.
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It was during the cholera epidemic in the 1830s that the true potential of intravenous saline solutions was recognized, as it proved instrumental in saving lives by treating severe dehydration. The chief advantage of a PICC over other types of central lines is that it is easy to insert, poses a relatively low risk of bleeding, is externally unobtrusive, and can be left in place for months to years for patients who require extended treatment. The chief disadvantage is that it must travel through a relatively small peripheral vein and is therefore limited in diameter, and also somewhat vulnerable to occlusion or damage from movement or squeezing of the arm. Compared with other routes of administration, the intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver fluids and medications throughout the body.
The simplest form of intravenous access is by passing a hollow needle through the skin directly into the vein. This needle can be connected directly to a syringe (used either to withdraw blood or deliver its contents into the bloodstream) or may be connected to a length of tubing and thence whichever collection or infusion system is desired. The intravenous route of administration can be used both for injections, using a syringe at higher pressures; as well as for infusions, typically using only the pressure supplied by gravity. Due to frequent injections and recurring phlebitis, the peripheral veins of intravenous drug addicts, and of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, become hardened and difficult to access over time. Placement of an IV line may cause pain, as it necessarily involves piercing the skin. Infections and inflammation (termed phlebitis) are also both common side effects of an IV line.
- The simplest form of intravenous access is a syringe with an attached hollow needle.
- In the simplest type of central venous access, a catheter is inserted into a subclavian, internal jugular, or (less commonly) a femoral vein and advanced toward the heart until it reaches the superior vena cava or right atrium.
- These nutrients are combined with the intention of administering parenteral nutrition, where nutrients are delivered in an alternative pathway other than the gastrointestinal tract.
- A solution of 5% dextrose in water, sometimes called D5W, is often used instead if the patient is at risk for having low blood sugar or high sodium.
- Medication is administered intermittently by placing a small needle through the skin, piercing the silicone, into the reservoir.
Over the years, intravenous therapy has evolved and expanded, becoming an indispensable tool in both routine and emergency medical care. It’s hard to imagine a world without this life-saving technique, highlighting the importance of appreciating its historical development. A transfusion occurs when blood or parts of blood are donated from another person and put into a patient’s bloodstream. An infusion, on the other hand, involves substances such as medication, anesthetics, vitamins, and vaccines inserted into the bloodstream.
Intravenous sugar solutions, such as those containing glucose (also called dextrose), have the advantage of providing some energy, and may thereby provide the entire or part of the energy component of parenteral nutrition. In the world of intravenous therapy, the future looks bright and full of potential. As always, it’s crucial to make informed decisions about your health, and open communication with your healthcare provider is key. Intravenous therapy can act as a powerful conduit, delivering essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants straight into the bloodstream. It’s like a wellness expressway, bypassing the traffic of the digestive system, and ensuring these nutrients reach your cells swiftly and efficiently.
You may need multiple IV therapy intravenous therapy wikipedia treatments depending on your medical condition and other health factors. Central IV lines carry risks of bleeding, infection, gangrene, thromboembolism and gas embolism (see Risks below). They are often more difficult to insert correctly as the veins are not usually palpable and rely on an experienced clinician knowing the appropriate landmarks and/or using an ultrasound probe to safely locate and enter the vein.
To make the procedure more tolerable for children, medical staff may apply a topical local anaesthetic (such as EMLA or Ametop) to the skin of the chosen venipuncture area about 45 minutes beforehand. It is not related to the practice of gamma irradiation of blood in transfusion medicine. By Neha KashyapKashyap is a New York-based health journalist with a bachelor’s degree in print journalism from the University of Southern California. A PICC may have two parallel compartments, each with its own external connector (double-lumen), or a single tube and connector (single-lumen). From the outside, a single-lumen PICC resembles a peripheral IV, except that the tubing is slightly wider.
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